04.+Momentum,+Energy,+and+Conservation+Laws

﻿ The Power of Momentum **"In physics, you don't have to go around making trouble for yourself - nature does it for you." -Frank Wilczek **  =Key Terms =
 * 1) ===Momentum ===
 * 2) ===Impulse ===
 * 3) **Energy **
 * 4) ===Work ===
 * 5) ===Power ===

=﻿Vocabulary you need to know! =
 * **__Momentum__:"a property of a moving body that the body has by virtue of its mass and motion and that is equal to the product of the body's mass and velocity".("Merriam-Webster," 2011) **
 * **__Impulse__: is the product of the average force on an object and the time interval in which it takes place. **
 * **__Energy__: the capability of an object to create a change. **
 * **__Work__: the product of the force and the objects displacement. **
 * **__Power__: the work done, divided by the time taken to do the work. **

=<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">All about momentum, Impulse, Energy, Work and Power = <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">** The faster an object is moving—whether it is a baseball, an automobile, or a particle of substance—the harder it is to stop. This is an indication of momentum. Momentum is measured in <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">kg*m/s. The formula for momentum is <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">p=mv where p-momentum, m-mass, and v-velocity. A change in momentum over a longer time requires less force. In all interactions between isolated objects, momentum is conserved. Both momemtum and kinetic energy are conserved in an elastic collision. Since velocity is in the formula for momentum, and velocity is a vector; momentum is also a vector.A vector is a quantity such as the position. Work (<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">w ) is the product of the force and the objects displacement. The formula for calculating work is <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">W=fd. Energy is the capability of an object to create a change. There are different forms of energy, one being Kinetic Energy which is energy resulting from motion. Energy is measured in <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Joules. Power is the work done, divided by the time taken to do the work. Power is measured in Watts (<span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">W ). The formula for power is <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">P=w/f .**

=<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Newton's 3rd Law in relation to The Law of Conservation of Momentum = <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">** "The animation below portrays the collision between a 1.0-kg cart and a 2-kg dropped brick. It will be assumed that there are no net external forces acting upon the two objects involved in the collision. The only net force acting upon the two objects (the cart and the dropped brick) are internal forces - the force of friction between the cart and the dropped brick. The before- and after-collision velocities and momentum are shown in the data tables." **

=<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> =

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">** "In the collision between the cart and the dropped brick, total system momentum is conserved. Before the collision, the momentum of the cart is 60 kg*cm/s and the momentum of the dropped brick is 0 kg*cm/s; the total system momentum is 60 kg*cm/s. After the collision, the momentum of the cart is 20.0 kg*cm/s and the momentum of the dropped brick is 40.0 kg*cm/s; the total system momentum is 60 kg*cm/s. The momentum of the cart-dropped brick system is conserved. The momentum lost by the cart (40 kg*cm/s) is gained by the dropped brick." **

=<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**Collisions(Real-Life Situations)** = <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**A collision is an isolated event in which two or more moving objects exert forces on one another for a short time.**

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 19.8pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">**For Example: BILLIARD BALLS**


 * The game of pool provides an example of a collision in which one object, the cue ball, is moving, while the other—known as the object ball—is stationary. Due to the hardness of pool balls, and their tendency not to stick to one another, this is also an example of an almost perfectly elastic collision—one in which kinetic energy is conserved. **

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">** (Momentum conservation principle, 2011) **

=<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">** Examples: ** = <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">** 1. What is the momentum of a 5.0 Kg bowling ball rolling down the alley at 15 m/s? ** <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">** P = mv = 5.0 Kg (15 m/s) = 75 Kgm/s ** <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">** 2. When a bowling ball strike the pin, the acceleration of the pin depends on the balls momentum, which is the product of its mass and velocity. **

=<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**Questions to Test Your Knowledge** = <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**2) What is the Velocity of an object that has a mass of 3kg and a Momentum of 95kg?** <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**3) What is the Mass of an object with a Momentum of 50kg*cm/s and a Velocity of 300 cm/s?** <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**4) What is Momentum?** <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**5) What is the unit of measure for Momentum?** <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**6) What is the formula for work?** <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**7) What is the formula for Momentum?** <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**8) What do the Variables in the momentum equation represent?** <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**9) Which of Newton's Laws deals with Momentum and energy?** <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**10) What objects are not affected by Momentum?** ||
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**1) What is the Momentum of an object movin at 50 cm/s and has a Mass of 3.5kg?**

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">__Bibliography__ <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">(2011). //Merriam-webster//. Retrieved March 29, 2011, from []

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">//Momentum conservation principle//. (2011). Retrieved from http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/momentum/u4l2b.cfm