06.+Static+Electricity+and+Electric+Fields

**Electrostatics: the study of electric charges that can be collected and held in one place.** **Neural: When the positive charge of the nucleus equal the negative charge of the surrounding electrons.** **Insulator: a material through which a charge will not move easily** **Conductor: a material that allows charges to move about easily** **Electroscope: consists of a metal knob connected by a metal stem to two thin, lightweight pieces of metal foil, called leaves** **Charging by conduction: charging a neutral body by touching it with a charged body** **Charging by induction: process of charging an object without touching** **Grounding: the process of connection a body to Earth to eliminat excess charge** **Coulomb: the SI standard unit of charge** **Elementary charge: the magnitude of the charge of and electron** **Coulomb's law: The magnitude of the force between two interacting charges is proportional to the magnitude of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.** =CREATING AND MEASURING ELECTRIC FEILDS=
 * Key Quanities**
 * Demonstrate that charged objects exert forces, bot attractive and repulsive**
 * Key Terms**

Electric force varies between as the square of the distance between two point objects. BNothe electric force and gravitational force can act from the great distances. It was said that because an electrically charged object, A, creates a force on another charged object, B, anywhere in space, object A must somehow change the propeties of space. Object B somehow senses the change in space and experiences a force due to the properties of the space at its location.

Forces exerted by electric feilds do work, transferring energy from the feeild to a charged object. We use this energy every day in our daily lives from our plug in appliances to battery powered portable devices. There are two differnt types of chareges there are positive charges and there are also negative charges too. The electric potential of a dipole show mirror symmetry about the center point of the dipole. They are everywhere perpendicular to the electric field lines. ||
 * [[image:http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/imgele/equiv5.gif align="center"]] || =Equipotential lines: dipole=

**A Microscopic View of Charge**  Electric charges esist within atoms. Wen the positive charge of the nucleus equals the negative charg of the surrounding electrons, then the atom is neutral. If you add energy, the outer electrons can be removed from an atom. An atom missing electrons has an overall positive ** Conductors and Insulators **  If you ever hold a comb into your hand, and directly in the middle of the comb and rub both ends the end that you rub will become charged. Any material through wich a charge will not move easily is called and electric insulator. Positive charged objects can either attract object or either repel the because the either a positive charge or a negative. They can attract plastic, magnets, metal, or even water as illustrated below. If you had a metal rod supported by insulators and completely surrounded by insulators, if you touched the charged comb on the end of the charged rod then instantly the rod would become charged also. A material that allows charges to move about easily is called and electric conductor. Electrons take, or conduct electric charges through metal. Metal are excelllent conductors because at least one electron on each atom can be removed easily. =Electric forces must be strong because they can easily produce accelerations larger than the acceleration caused by gravity.= =Review Questions:= =1. What is a conductor?= =2.What is Coulombs Law?= =3.How do conductors and insulators work together?= =﻿4. What is happening in the top left photo?= =5. Why is the action in the photo happening?=